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Please read the Introductory Notes to this commentary.
Maps, when used, are are from
BibleAtlas.org. Created
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Additional data from OpenBible.info.
Source of Dates Used
שְׁמוֹת֙ • Sh'mot
(“Names”)
The Second Book of Moses,
Commonly Called
Exodus
פָּרָשָׁה שְׁמוֹת
Parashah Sh'mot |
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This week's commentary from First Fruits of Zion (Messianic) |
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| This Week’s Reading Schedule | ||
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Sunday Review and meditate on last week’s Parashah Monday Rishon [1st]: 1:1-17 Sheni [2nd]: 1:18-2:10 Tuesday Shlishi [3rd]: 2:11-25 R'vi'i [4th]: 3:1-15 Wednesday Chamishi [5th]: 3:16-4:17 Shishi [6th]: 4:18-31 |
Thursday Shvi'i [7th]: 5:1-21 Maftir [Concluding]: 5:22-6:1 Friday Haftarah: (Selections)[GN] (A) Yesha‘yahu (Isaiah) 27:6–28:13; 29:22–23 (S) Yirmeyahu (Jeremiah) 1:1–2:3 Ketuvei HaShalichim (Apostolic Writings) Basar: The Gospel Mattityahu (Matthew) 2:1-12 Kepherim: Letters (optional) Acts 3:12–15; 5:27–32; 7:17–36; 22:12–16; 24:14–16 Messianic Jews (Hebrews) 11:23–26 |
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Torah
The Blessing of the Torah |
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| Aliya: (the one who “goes up” to read) | |
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Bar-khu et Adonai
ham-vor-ack. (Praise ADONAI Who is worthy to be praised.) |
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| Congregation: | |
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Ba-rookh Adonai ham-vor-ack
ley-oh-lam vah-ed. (Praise ADONAI Who is worthy to be praised for all eternity.) |
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| All: | |
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Ba-rookh Adonai ham-vor-ack
ley-oh-lam vah-ed. (Praise ADONAI Who is worthy to be praised for all eternity.) |
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Ba-rookh ah-tah
Adonai, Eh-lo-hay-noo meh-lekh hah oh-lahm, ah-sher ba-char ba-noo me-kol ha-ahmeem, v’na-tahn lah-noo et torah-toe, ba-rookh ah-tah Adonai, no-tane hah-torah. Blessed are You, O Lord our God, King of the Universe, Who has chosen us from all peoples and given us His Torah. Blessed are You, O Lord, Giver of the Torah. |
 Click here to listen to this sung by Cantor Kenneth B. Cohen of Temple Sholom, Greenwich, CT. |
Listen to Sh'mot read from the CJB
A. Isra'el in Egypt (1:1-2:25) [ca. 1530 BCE]
1. Isra'el Multiplies (1:1-7)
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(i) 1These are the names of the sons of Isra'el, who entered Egypt with Ya'akov, every man with his entire household:[1] 2Re’uven, Shim‘on, Levi, Y’hudah, 3Yissakhar, Z’vulun, Binyamin, 4Dan, Naftali, Gad and Asher. 5The people who came out of Ya‘akov’s own body numbered seventy in all, including Yosef who was already in Egypt.[5] 6Yosef died, as did all his brothers, and all that generation. 7The Isra'elites were fruitful, and increased abundantly, and multiplied, and grew exceedingly numerous, so that the land was filled with them.
2. Isra'el is Oppressed (1:8-22)
8Then a new king who knew nothing of Yosef[8] came to power in Egypt. 9He said to his people, “Look, the Isra'elites have become more numerous powerful than we are.[9] 10Come, we must deal shrewdly with them; otherwise they will continue to multiply, and if war should break out, they might join our enemies, fight against us, and leave the country.” 11So they appointed taskmasters over them to oppress them with forced labor. They built Pithom [MAP] and Rameses [MAP] as storage cities for Pharaoh.[11] 12But the more they were oppressed, the more they multiplied and flourished, so that the Egyptians began to dread the Isra'elites. 13The Egyptians worked the Isra'elites ruthlessly, 14and they made their lives bitter with hard labor in brick and mortar, and with all kinds of labor in the fields. Every service they imposed was ruthless.
[Egypt, ca 1553-1543 BCE][GN]
[Miryam born ca 1555 BCE]
15The king of Egypt said to the Hebrew midwives, whose names were Shiphrah“fair” and Puah“splendid”, 16“When you help the Hebrew women give birth, observe them as they deliver. If the child is a son, kill him; but if it is a daughter, let her live.” 17But the midwives feared Elohim,[17] and didn’t do what the king of Egypt commanded them, but let the baby boys live.
(ii) 18The king of Egypt summoned the midwives, and asked them, “Why have you done this? Why have you let the boys live?”
19The midwives answered Pharaoh, “The Hebrew women aren’t like the Egyptian women; for they are vigorous and give birth before a midwife arrives.”
20So Elohim was good to the midwives, and the people multiplied, and became even more numerous. 21And because the midwives feared Elohim, He gave them families of their own. 22Then Pharaoh commanded all his people, saying, “Every son born to the Hebrews you must thrown in the Nile, but every daughter you may allow to live.”
[Aharon born 1 Aug 1546 BCE
(R) • 1545 (K)
Moshe Born 6 Mar 1543 BCE (R) • 1542 (K)]
1. The household would, of course, include all the members of the family, plus all their servants and livestock. Only the actual family members are included in the accounting of the numbers later in the book. [BACK]
5. The Hebrew name for Egypt is מִצְרַיִם (Mitsrayim), “land of the Copts” or “sons (descendants) of Ham” (Noah’s son). [BACK]
8. The targum reads that the new king “did not maintain the decree of Yosef,” nor did he keep up the prior royal policy of upholding a good relationship with the tribes of Isra'el in Goshen (The Complete Jewish Study Bible, note on Gen 1:8). [BACK]
9. This clearly was not literally accurate. The Isra'elites were shepherds and farmers, while Egypt was the most powerful empire on earth at that time. The Isra'elites may have been numerous, but not as numerous as the Egyptian people. [BACK]
11. In Genesis 15:13 Adonai told Avram, “… your descendants will be foreigners in a land that is not theirs. They will be slaves and held in oppression there four hundred years.” Exodus 12:40-41 says that they were in Egypt “430 years to the day.” Critics claim this is a discrepancy in the Bible, therefore (they claim) the Bible is not reliable. They do not consider that it was 30 years after their arrival in Egypt that “the new king arose who did not know Joseph” (Exod 1:8). So they lived in peace and prosperity for the first 30 years. Genesis 47:11 tells us they settled in the area later known as Rameses [MAP], which was part of the area known as Goshen [MAP] in the fertile Nile River Delta. See the note on Gen 47:11 about the names of the cities they built. [BACK]
17. Hebrew הָ֣אֱלֹהִ֔ים (hā·’ĕ·lō·hîm), literally “the gods”; so it may be a reference to the hundreds of Egyptian gods and not the God of Isra'el, of Whom they would have had no knowledge unless the Hebrew women had told them about Him. However, the God of Isra'el honored them for it just the same (v 21). Our God is merciful and loving, and He will honor anyone who seeks Him, whether or not they know Him as we know Him. [BACK]
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ANXIOUSLY WATCHING FOR MASHIACH’S RETURN,
SPEEDILY AND IN OUR DAY. MARANA, TA!
