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A Glossary of
Unfamiliar Terms
Compiled from numerous source documents
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P P
p’ri
fruit
P’rushim
(alt. P'rushim, Parushim; sg. P'rush, Parush)
Pharisees; religious leaders;
the upholders of the Oral Torah (Tradition of the Elders, now
codified in the Talmud)
at the time of the Second Sanctuary. A strict religio-political party in late Second
Temple period who were known for their zealous adherence to the
teaching of the rabbis concerning the Torah. By most estimates,
there were as only a few thousand — probably not more than
6,000 — Pharisees in first century Israel, but because they held a
majority of seats of the Sanhedrin, they wielded enormous power over
the people. In direct violation of
Torah, they added multiplied thousands of
takanot (man-made rules) to their idea of Torah. Their chief doctrine
was that salvation and God’s favor would come as a
result of “Torah” observance according to their interpretation … they wanted to develop Judaism through
prayer, study of Torah, and
midrashic interpretations of Torah.
Modern Rabbinical Judaism is the direct descendant of the Pharisees.
pachad(alt. pakhad) fear; terror
padut redemption
pakad visit
Parah Adumah Red
Heifer, aspecial sacrificial animal (see
Shabbat Parah)
Parashah the weekly
Torah portion; also called Sidrah or Sedrah or Sidra (pl. Parashot)
pareve foods
containing neither meat nor milk
parim young bulls
parnasah livelihood
parochet (alt.
parokhet) curtain … when capitalized, the curtain over the Ark in
the Synagogue; the curtain separating the Holy of Holies from the
Hechal
pasach (alt. pesah,
pesach) passing over; letting go the penalty of
Pascal Lamb (alt. Paschal) the lamb selected for the
Pesach/Passover sacrifice;
haMashiach
Pascha Greek
transliteration of the Hebrew
pesach, meaning “Passover.”
paskudneh
contemptible
Passover From the
Hebrew pesah; the first of the seven feasts of ADONAI; the Paschal
sacrifice; title may also include Feast of Unleavened Bread.
The term “Passover” is usually applied to the entire Feast of
Unleavened Bread; however, Passover is technically only during
twilight on the 14th of the Hebrew month of Nisan: “In the first
month, on the fourteenth day of the month, between sundown and
complete darkness, comes Pesach for ADONAI.”
(Leviticus 23:5)
patur exempt; free
payes corners;
therefore, earlocks of hair or sidecurls worn by ultra-Orthodox men
and boys (pl. payot)
pe’ulot works
pedut redemption;
geulah; release on payment of ransom
peh mouth
pekuddat stewardship;
care
peledike marvelous
penemer faces
Pentateuch the first
five Books of the Bible, the Five Books of Moshe
Pentecost In Hebrew,
Shavuoth, the Feast of Weeks; the fiftieth day after the first
day of the
Feast of Unleavened Bread; the festival of the ingathering of
the first fruits of the wheat harvest.
perec
(alt. peres) gier-eagle; Egyptian vulture
perot fruits
Perushim See P'rushim
peruta small coin
Pesabim a section of
Talmudic commentary on the feast of the Passover
Pesach (alt. Pesah;
pl. Pesachim) Passover. Memorializes the night when the Hebrews
were protected by the blood of lambs, a type of when God’s people are redeemed by the blood of The Lamb. One of three
pilgrim
festivals to Jerusalem.
Pesach Katan the
second offering of the Paschal Lamb on the 14th of Iyar
Pesach Sheni the 14th
of Iyar, the offering of the Pesach Sacrifice by those who were not
able to do so on the 14th of Nisan
peshat plain or
literal meaning
peshuto shel mikra
simple reading of the verse
Pesikta Book of
Haggadic discourses for festivals and special Sabbaths
petach doorway
peysha transgression
peysha’im
transgressions [Yeshayah 53:5]
Pharaoh King of
Egypt; considered deity by Egyptians
Pharisees See
P'rushim
phobeo (Gk.) to
frighten, i.e. (passive) to be alarmed; by analogy to be in awe of,
i.e. revere be (very) afraid, fear (exceedingly), reverence
pidyon haben / habat
lit. redemption of the (firstborn) son / daughter; home ceremony
that takes place on the thirty-first day of a child’s life
pikkadon deposit
piku’ach nefesh the
care for human life
Pikudey a portion in
the Book of Exodus
Pilgrim Festival/Feast(also
“Shalosh Regalim”) Three times a year
(Pesach,
Shavuot, and
Sukkot) the Torah requires all Israel to go in joyous
celebration to Jerusalem (Exodus
34:23-24). [If anyone would try to coerce you to be
overly “Torah observant” remind him/her that in order to be “Torah
observant” he/she must attend these three Feasts in Jerusalem.]
Pinchas a portion in
the Book of Numbers
Pirkey Avot “the
Ethics of the Fathers”, a tractate in the Mishnah
pisechim lame persons
pisei’ach lame man
pitma the wart of the
etrog
pitron
interpretation (pl. pitronim
piyyut (alt. piyut)
Poetic prayer … liturgical poem (pl. piyyutim; alt. piyutim)
platke-machers
gossipy intriguers
plotst burst
pneuma (Gk.) a
current of air, i.e. breath (blast) or a breeze; by analogy or
figuratively a spirit, i.e. (human) the rational soul, (by
implication) vital principle, mental disposition, etc., or
(superhuman) an angel, daemon, or (divine) G‑d, HaMashiach’s spirit,
the Holy Spirit life, spirit (-ual, -ually) Greek equivalent of
the Hebrew word ruach
pnimiyus innermost
po’alim workers
poel worker
poshe’im the ones
transgressing / rebelling
poshei’a transgressor
posher lukewarm
praht detail
pri, p’ri fruit
priests descendants
of Aaron (of the tribe of Levi) who officiated at religious services
in the Temple; they also served as judges, physicians, and teachers.
proselyte a convert
to Judaism
Psak Jewish legal
ruling.
pseudepigraphic
written under another name
pshat rationale
ptur excuse
punkt exactly
Purim
Lots. The observed day (usually in March) commemorating the
deliverance and survival of G‑d’s people. The beginning of the
Passover season; a time of teshuvah.
Use this “Jump Bar” to directly to any letter of the AlephBet
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Appendix
Liturgy & Worship
Pronunciation
[More]
Page last updated on
Wednesday, 01 June 2022 12:03 PM
(Updates are generally minor formatting or editorial changes.
Major content changes are identified as "Revisions”)
